Neutron star cooling in modified gravity theories

Abstract We study the thermal evolution of isolated neutron stars in scalar–tensor theories for first time. Whether rapid cooling due to direct Urca process occurs or not is an interesting question from viewpoint temperature observation stars. Moreover, investigation effect nucleon superfluidity also has large uncertainties, though it important modern theory. The typically influenced by proton fraction and central density. If a fifth force mediated modification gravity, relation between density mass differs that general relativity, curve naively expected vary. find unscreened near surface changes mass–central relation, can be triggered even with smaller mass. present curves including under These results show might useful test gravitational observations